The damper must be provided with an open-closed indicator. The dampers must operate automatically but must be capable of being closed manually from both sides of the division. This is achieved by using suitable materials, in conjunction with sleeves and dampers where ducts pass through divisions. b) Precautions must be taken to maintain the fire integrity of bulkheads and decks through which trunking passes and to reduce the likelihood of smoke and hot gases passing from one space to another. and are insulated with approved non-combustible materials such that the average temperature of the unexposed side will not rise more than 140 C above the original temperature, nor will the temperature, at any one point, including any joint, rise more than 180 C above the original temperature, within 60 min. are constructed of steel or other equivalent material b. (5) c) Where A class bulkheads have to be penetrated explain how the integrity of the bulkhead is retained with respect to ventilation trunkings. March 10 12) With reference to structural fire protection in passenger ship accommodation space a) Define the meaning of Class A bulkhead (3) b) Discuss the design of ventilation systems to prevent the spread of smoke and fire.
